@conference {2021:europlop:api-fragments,
	title = {From OpenAPI Fragments to API Pattern Primitives and Design Smells},
	booktitle = {European Conference on Pattern Languages of Programs (EuroPLoP{\textquoteright}21)},
	year = {2021},
	month = {July},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {Virtual Kloster Irsee, Germany},
	abstract = {In the past few years, the OpenAPI Specification (OAS) has emerged as a standard description language for accurately modeling Web APIs.
Today, thousands of OpenAPI descriptions can be found by mining open source repositories. In this paper, we attempt to exploit these artifacts to extract commonly occurring building blocks used in Web API structures, in order to assist Web API designers in their modelling task. Our work is based on a fragmentation mechanism, that starts from  OpenAPI descriptions of Web APIs to extract their structures, then fragment these structures into smaller blocks. This approach enabled us to extract a large dataset of reoccurring fragments from a collection of 6619 API specifications.  
Such fragments have been found multiple times in the same or across different APIs. We have classified the most reoccurring fragments into four pattern primitives used to expose in the API access to collections of items.  We distinguish for each primitive variants from design smells. This classification is based on the specific combinations of operations associated with the collection items and on an in-depth analysis of their natural language labels and descriptions. The resulting pattern primitives are intended to support designers who would like to introduce one or more collections for a specific class of items in their HTTP-based API.},
	keywords = {API, API fragments, design smells, OpenAPI, patterns},
	doi = {10.1145/3489449.3489998},
	url = {https://zenodo.org/record/5727094$\#$.YZ97mFMo-0o},
	author = {Souhaila Serbout and Cesare Pautasso and Uwe Zdun and Olaf Zimmermann}
}
@conference {2020:bpmn-sketch-miner:models,
	title = {From Text to Visual BPMN Process Models: Design and Evaluation},
	booktitle = {23rd International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS)},
	year = {2020},
	month = {October},
	pages = {229{\textendash}239},
	publisher = {ACM/IEEE},
	organization = {ACM/IEEE},
	address = {Montreal, Canada},
	abstract = {Most existing Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) editing tools are graphical, and as such based on explicit modeling, requiring good knowledge of the notation and its semantics, as well as the ability to analyze and abstract business requirements and capture them by correctly using the notation. As a consequence, their use can be cumbersome for live modeling during interviews and design workshops, where participants should not only provide input but also give feedback on how it has been represented in a model. To overcome this, in this paper we present the design and evaluation of BPMN Sketch Miner, a tool which combines notes taking in constrained natural language with process mining to automatically produce BPMN diagrams in real time as interview participants describe them with stories. In this work we discuss the design decisions regarding the trade-off between using mining vs. modelling in order to: 1) support a larger number of BPMN constructs in the textual language; 2) target both BPMN beginners and business analysts, in addition to the process participants themselves. The evaluation of the new version of the tool in terms of how it balances the expressiveness and learnability of its DSL with the usability of the text-to-visual sketching environment shows encouraging results. Namely while BPMN beginners could model a non-trivial process with the tool in a relatively short time and with good accuracy, business analysts appreciated the usability of the tool and the expressiveness of the language in terms of supported BPMN constructs.},
	keywords = {BPMN, domain specific languages, live modeling, text to visual},
	doi = {10.1145/3365438.3410990},
	author = {Ana Ivanchikj and Souhaila Serbout and Cesare Pautasso}
}
