@conference {2022:sose:ccc, title = {Cargo-Cult Containerization: A Critical View of Containers in Modern Software Development}, booktitle = {16th International Conference on Service-Oriented System Engineering (SOSE 2022)}, year = {2022}, month = {August}, publisher = {IEEE}, organization = {IEEE}, address = {San Francisco, USA}, abstract = {Software is increasingly developed and deployed using containers. While the concept of a container is conceptually straightforward, there are various issues to be considered while using them, ranging from technical details inside containers to the orchestration of containers that jointly form a meaningful application. In recent years, the use of containers has become so prevalent that developers have a tendency to resort to cargo-cult containerization {\textendash} ritual adherence to the use of containers just because so many others are doing the same thing. In this paper, we study advantages and downsides of containers in modern- day software development. We foresee the use of containers to spread into new areas, including IoT systems and embedded devices. At the same time, we caution against indiscriminate use of containers, since excessive containerization can have adverse impacts on software maintenance and overall complexity of a system architecture.}, keywords = {containers, software architecture}, author = {Tommi Mikkonen and Cesare Pautasso and Kari Systa and Antero Taivalsaari} } @conference {2021:icwe:fullstack, title = {Full Stack is Not What It Used to Be}, booktitle = {21st International Conference on Web Engineering (ICWE2021)}, year = {2021}, month = {May}, publisher = {Springer}, organization = {Springer}, address = {Biarritz, France}, abstract = {The traditional definition of full stack development refers to a skill set that is required for writing software both for the frontend and backend of a web application or site. In recent years, the scope of full stack development has expanded significantly, though. Today, a full stack software developer is assumed to master various additional areas especially related to cloud infrastructure and deployment, message brokers and data analytics technologies. In addition, the emergence of Internet of Things (IoT) and the rapidly spreading use of AI/ML technologies are introducing additional skill set requirements. In this paper, we discuss the expectations for a modern full stack developer based on our industry observations, and argue that these expectations have significant implications for software and web engineering education.}, keywords = {Cloud, Education, Internet of Things, IoT, Programmable World, software architecture, software engineering, Web engineering}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-74296-6_28}, author = {Antero Taivalsaari and Tommi Mikkonen and Cesare Pautasso and Kari Systa} } @article {2017:jwe:liquid, title = {Architecting Liquid Software}, journal = {Journal of Web Engineering}, volume = {16}, year = {2017}, month = {September}, pages = {433-470}, abstract = {The Liquid Software metaphor refers to software that can operate seamlessly across multiple devices owned by one or multiple users. Liquid software applications can take advantage of the computing, storage and communication resources available on all the devices owned by the user. Liquid software applications can also dynamically migrate from one device to another, following the user{\textquoteright}s attention and usage context. The key design goal in Liquid Software development is to minimize the additional efforts arising from multiple device ownership (e.g., installation, synchronization and general maintenance of personal computers, smartphones, tablets, home and car displays, and wearable devices), while keeping the users in full control of their devices, applications and data. In this paper we present the design space for Liquid Software, categorizing and discussing the most important architectural dimensions and technical choices. We also provide an introduction and comparison of two frameworks implementing Liquid Software capabilities in the context of the World Wide Web. }, keywords = {design space, liquid software, multi-device programming, software architecture}, doi = {10.26421/JWE16.5-6}, url = {http://www.rintonpress.com/journals/jweonline.html$\#$v16n56}, author = {Andrea Gallidabino and Cesare Pautasso and Tommi Mikkonen and Kari Systa and Jari-Pekka Voutilainen and Antero Taivalsaari} }